What are the different types of communication styles illustrate with examples. What is the impact of written communication in the corporate environmen

Communication is classified into two categories:
v Verbal communication
v Non-verbal communication

Verbal Communication:
This includes oral and written communication. In this form, words are arranged according to the proper grammar rules and put in paper sequence as for the parts of speech, it is further classified as follows:

Ø Written Communication:
It is used for many purposes. It includes letters, circulars, notices, memos, reports, forms, manuals etc. Everything that is put down on paper in writing comes under written communication.

Advantages:
It is precise and accurate.
It is usually formulated with great case, since it can be checked and verified any time.
The writer has to be careful about what is being communicated. Once written, it cannot be refuted.
It is a permanent record.
Written document are permanent to large extent and can be used in the future for reference. This helps the formulation of new policies and reports easily as they can be based on improvement required in the previous ones.
They can be referred to repeatedly.
A written record is convenient as it can be taken up and seen for classification and improvements. Any person, including the writer of the document can view it repeatedly for any possible reason.
It can be sent to a number of places written documents can easily be made into copies and sent to many places simultaneously. This is not very expensive and comparatively easy to achieve.
It facilitates the fixing of responsibilities. If any mistake occurs, it is easy to identify it on paper rather than orally. It is difficult for people to shift the responsibility of our error onto others.
Similarly it is easy to record employees since their achievements can be seen on paper.

Disadvantages:
It is time consuming.
It takes time to write letters, circulars etc, whereas oral communication is much faster.
It can be expensive. If expensive writing materials are used and expensive methods like courier services are used to send the written documents, it can prove to be a costly affair.
Feedback is slow. Unlike in oral communication, in this, feedback takes a longer time to come back.

Types of written communication:

1. Letters:
It is the most commonly used form of written communication. They are mostly used for external communication letters have a fixed and formal layout, which must be adhered to there can be sales letters, complaint letters, bank correspondences and many others.
2. Memo:
This is an informal communication between members of the same organization and usually relates to day-to-day work. It is used to convey information and instructions. They are normally pre-printed formatted papers on which memos are written.
3. Notice:
This is used when many people in the same organization have to be given the same information. A notice should be short and to the point.
4. Circulars:
This is a written document giving instructions or orders on a specific matter.
5. Report:
This is a written document prepared by an individual or a committee. It is prepared after research. After the data collection and analysis, the results have to be presented.

Oral communication:
This occurs in situations like conversation, telephone take, interviews, presentations and meetings. Conferences, group discussions and speeches also form part of oral communication. This involves the use of words, but not on paper oral communication is spoken.

Advantages:
It saves time when action is to be taken immediately we always resort to oral communication. For ex: During the situations, on the battleground, it is only oral commands that are given.
It is a powerful means of persuasion. For ex: To persuade a friend to come with you for a movie, you employ only oral communication. You do not write a formal letter to him/her.
Immediate feedback is possible when you are talking to someone directly you can immediately know his reaction and find our whether or not will agree to what you are asking him or her to do.
It can help to promote friendly ties. At times, oral communication is carried on informal levels.
It can then encourage frankness and friendship.
It can save money.
If many people are addressed together, there is no need to write individual letters to each of them. In such cases, oral communication is the best choice.
Easy classification when a message is told orally, one can immediately classify all doubts that may be in the mind.

Disadvantages:
It is dependent on distance and suitable mechanical devices.
It is not appropriate for lengthy messages. Long and detailed message are better communicated in a written manner for fear of missing out relevant points.
It does not have shelf life once they are spoken, they are over, unless you record them.
There is no legal validity. Anyone can deny what he or she has said before.
There are greater chances of misunderstanding.
People can interact according to their own frame of mind and attitudes.

Types of oral communication:

1. Face-to-face communication:
Oral communication is best when it is face-to-face. It is possible between two individuals in a meeting or interview communication flows in both directions. There is immediate feedback. Facial expressions, body language and gestures add to the oral communication, giving it more meaning. The sender can immediately adapt and change his way of communicating to suit the receiver.
Face-to-face communication is not possible in large gatherings. When one person is addressing many people together, he is not able to have face-to-face communication with each one of them.
Face-to-face communication also becomes ineffective if the listener is not interested.
2. Telephone:
Speaking on the telephone depends entirely on the voice and the words used clarity of words i speech has a big role to play in this. Names and addresses should be confirmed as they are very after wrongly received. Modern technology has ensured that it is one of the cheapest methods of communicating with others, either in the same city or even outside the country.
3. Public speech:
A lecture or a public speech can be conducted with or without microphones. It has face-to-face setting, but the distance between the sender and receiver is large. It is a one-to-many communication. It can entertain, encourage and inspire the general public. The success of a public meeting depends on the speaker’s ability to use the microphone, voice modulation and gestures.
4. Interview:
It is a meeting between an interviewer and an interviewer the meeting is for a specific purpose normally as a part of a selection process for a job or selection for a study program or for entering into a business relationship.
5. Meeting:
Usually, a meeting involves a number of persons. The chairman guides the proceedings and maintains order during the meeting. Depending on the type of meeting there may or may not be a fixed agenda. If it is a formal meeting, notes are taken during the meeting.
6. Presentation:
This is a formal well-prepared talk given by an individual to a group. The audience is mostly knowledgeable or interested. Visual aids and humor can enhance a presentation and make it more attractive.

Non verbal communication:

The most basic form of communication is non-verbal. Anthropologists say that are ancestors communicated with one another by using their bodies. They gritted their teeth to show anger; they shrilled and touched one another when they wanted to indicate affection. It is also called Body language.
It is less structured, which makes it difficult to study and understand. You cannot master the vocabulary of gestures, expressions and inflection that are commonly used.
Non-verbal communication also differs from verbal communication in terms of intent and spontaneity. People generally plan their words. But when we communicate no-verbally we do so unconsciously, without our consent, our emotions are written all over our faces.

Importance of non-verbal communication:
Although non-verbal communication is unplanned, it has a greater impact than verbal communication.
Non-verbal dues are especially important in exchanging feelings, which account for almost 937 of the interaction in any situation.
One advantage of non-verbal communications its reliability. Most people can deceive us much more easily buy words than they can by their bodies. Body languages facial expressions and vocal characteristics are not controllable. By having attention to these non-verbal clues, we can detect whether a person is deceiving the affirm a person’s honesty. Non-verbal communication or as well it can be efficient from both the sender and receives viewpoint. You can transmit a non-verbal message without even thinking about it. Your audience can also register the meaning unconsciously.
Thus non-verbal clues have an equally important role to play in conveying, thoughts, ideas and feelings. A wave of the hand, a write and a comforting squeeze all are expressions of thought.

Functions of non-verbal communication:

Although non-verbal communication can stand alone in many situations, it frequently works hand-in-hand with speech. Our words only carry a part of the message; our non-verbal symbols carry the rest.

Experts have given six functions of non-verbal communication:

1. To provide information, either consciously or unconsciously
2. To regulate the flow of conversation.
3. To expresserrction
4. To qualify, complement, contradict or expand verbal messages.
5. To control and influence others.
6. To facilitate specific tasks.
For ex: Teaching someone how to hold a bat.

Non-verbal communication has a major role to play in business. Firstly, it helps to establish credibility and leadership potential. Secondary, you can barn to read the non-verbal impressions about others. You will be able to find out their attitudes and intentions.

Varieties of non-verbal communications:

Facial expressions and eye behaviors:
The face is a powerful conveyor of non-verbal messages. It is the primacy site for expression of emotion. You can see both the type and intensity of emotion. A person’s eyes are especially very expressive. They can convey interest, quest attention and influence others.

Vocal characteristics:
Like body language, a person’s voice carrier both intentional and unintentional messages. The tone and volume of your voice, your accent, your speaking face and all the little em’s and ales that creep into your speech say a lot about your personality, mood and your relationship with the audience.

Gestures and postures:
Many gestures have a specific meaning.
For ex: Warning your hand signifies a greeting. These movements supplement words. Other body movements like slouching, banning forward, fidgeting or walking friskily, all fall into this category. These unconscious sign reveal whether a person is coefficient or nervous, friendly or hostile, assertive or passive, happy or sad.

Personal appearance:
An individual’s appearance helps to establish his or her social identity. Although an individual features and body type impose limitations, most of us are able to cant our attractiveness to some degree, our groaning, our clothing, our accessories, our style-all modify our appearance.

Use of time and space:
Both these elements can be used to assert authority. In many authors, people demonstrate their importance by making people wait, at other places they show respect by being on time. People can also display their emotions by occupying different spaces. For ex: the center of the room or handled in one corner.

Touch:
This is an extremely important tool to demonstrate the type of communication that we want to show. If we hag a person spontaneously, we show love and affection.

Silence:
Communication is effectively communicated through silence also. Shyness-after a girl gets a proposal from a boy, ignorance-after a teacher asks a question from a student shock-after you discover that our house has been bugled, anxiety-after you get to know that your child is seriously sick, satisfaction-when you are in the prayer room all by yourself etc. Silence is therefore very powerful.